Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat

TheChikondwerero cha Dragon Boat(Chinsinsi chosavuta: 端午节;Chitchainizi chachikhalidwe: 端午節) ndi tchuthi chachikhalidwe cha ku China chomwe chimachitika pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu waKalendala yaku China, yomwe ikufanana ndi kumapeto kwa May kapena June muKalendala ya Gregorian.

Dzina lachingerezi la tchuthi ndiChikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matembenuzidwe ovomerezeka a Chingelezi a tchuthi cha People's Republic of China. Amatchulidwanso m'mabuku ena a Chingerezi mongaChikondwerero cha Double Fifthzomwe zimanena za tsikulo monga momwe zilili m'dzina loyambirira lachi China.

Mayina achi China ndi madera

Duanwu(Chitchainizi: 端午;pinyin:duānwǔ), monga mmene chikondwererocho chimatchulidwiraChinsinsi cha Mandarin, kwenikweni amatanthauza “kavalo woyambira/kutsegula”, mwachitsanzo, “tsiku la akavalo” loyamba (malinga ndiZodiac yaku China/Kalendala yaku Chinasystem) kuti zichitike pamwezi; komabe, mosasamala kanthu za tanthauzo lenileniwǔ, “tsiku [la] kavalo m’mayendedwe a nyama”, khalidweli limamasuliridwanso mosinthana kutiwǔ(Chitchainizi: 五;pinyin:wǔ) kutanthauza “zisanu”. Chifukwa chakeDuanwu, “chikondwerero cha pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu”.

Dzina lachi Mandarin Chinese la chikondwererochi ndi "端午節" (Chinsinsi chosavuta: 端午节;Chitchainizi chachikhalidwe: 端午節;pinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade-Giles:Tuan Wu chieh) muChinandiTaiwan, ndi "Tuen Ng Festival" ya Hong Kong, Macao, Malaysia ndi Singapore.

Amatchulidwa mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyanaZinenero zaku China. MuChi Cantonese,ndiromanizedmongaTuen¹Ng⁵Jiti³ku Hong Kong ndiTung¹Ng⁵Jiti³ku Macau. Chifukwa chake "Chikondwerero cha Tuen Ng" ku Hong KongTun Ng(Chikondwerero cha Barco-Dragãomu Chipwitikizi) ku Macao.

Chiyambi

Mwezi wachisanu umatengedwa kuti ndi mwezi watsoka. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti masoka achilengedwe ndi matenda ndizofala m'mwezi wachisanu. Kuti achotse tsokalo, anthu amaika calamus, Artemisia, maluwa a makangaza, ixora yaku China ndi adyo pamwamba pa zitseko pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu.^{[kufotokoza kofunikira]}Popeza mawonekedwe a calamus amapanga ngati lupanga komanso ndi fungo lamphamvu la adyo, amakhulupirira kuti akhoza kuchotsa mizimu yoipa.

Kufotokozera kwina kwa chiyambi cha Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat kumachokera ku Mzera wa Qin (221-206 BC). Mwezi wachisanu pa kalendala yoyendera mwezi unali kuonedwa ngati mwezi woipa ndipo tsiku lachisanu la mweziwo linali tsiku loipa. Nyama zaululuzi zinkanenedwa kuti zinkayamba kuonekera kuyambira pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu, monga njoka, centipedes, ndi zinkhanira; anthu amadwala mosavuta pambuyo pa tsikuli. Choncho, pa Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, anthu amayesetsa kupewa tsokali. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akhoza kumata zithunzi za zolengedwa zisanu zapoizoni pakhoma n’kumabayamo singano. Anthu amathanso kupanga mapepala odulidwa a zolengedwa zisanu ndikuwakulunga m'manja mwa ana awo.Zikondwerero zazikulu ndi zisudzo zomwe zinayambika kuchokera ku machitidwewa m'madera ambiri, kupanga Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat tsiku lochotsa matenda ndi tsoka.

Ndi Yuan

Nkhani yodziwika bwino ku China yamakono imati chikondwererochi chimakumbukira imfa ya wolemba ndakatulo ndi mtumikiNdi Yuan(c. 340–278 BC) adziko lakalezaChupa nthawi yaNyengo YakumenyanachaMzera wa Zhou. Membala wa cadet waChuma nyumba yachifumu, Qu ankatumikira m’maofesi apamwamba. Komabe, pamene mfumuyo anaganiza kugwirizana ndi dziko lamphamvu kwambiriQin, Qu anathamangitsidwa chifukwa chotsutsana ndi mgwirizanowu ndipo ngakhale kuimbidwa mlandu woukira boma. Pa nthawi yomwe anali ku ukapolo, Qu Yuan analemba zambiri zandakatulo. Zaka makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu pambuyo pake, Qin adagwidwaYing, likulu la Chu. Potaya mtima, Qu Yuan adadzipha podzimira m'madziMtsinje wa Miluo.

Akuti anthu a m’derali, omwe ankamusirira, anathamanga m’mabwato awo kuti amupulumutse, kapenanso kukatenga mtembo wake. Izi akuti ndiye chiyambi chamipikisano yamabwato a chinjoka. Pamene thupi lake silinapezeke, iwo anagwetsa mipira yampunga womatamumtsinje kuti nsomba zidye iwo m'malo mwa thupi la Qu Yuan. Izi akuti ndiye chiyambi chazonse.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Qu Yuan anayamba kuonedwa ngati “ndakatulo yoyamba yokonda dziko la China”. Malingaliro a chikhalidwe cha Qu komanso kukonda dziko lako kudakhala kovomerezeka pansi pa People's Republic of China pambuyo pa 1949.Chigonjetso cha Chikomyunizimu mu Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni yaku China.

Wu Zixu

Ngakhale kutchuka kwamakono kwa chiphunzitso cha chiyambi cha Qu Yuan, m'dera lakale laUfumu wa Wu, chikondwererocho chinakumbukiridwaWu Zixu(anamwalira 484 BC), Prime Minister wa Wu.Xi Shi, mkazi wokongola wotumidwa ndi MfumuGoujianchadziko la Yue, ankakondedwa kwambiri ndi KingFuchaiwa Wu. Wu Zixu, ataona chiwembu choopsa cha Goujian, anachenjeza Fuchai, yemwe anakwiya ndi mawu amenewa. Wu Zixu anakakamizika kudzipha ndi Fuchai, ndipo thupi lake linaponyedwa mumtsinje pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, m'malo mongaSuzhou, Wu Zixu amakumbukiridwa pa Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat.

Ntchito zitatu zomwe zafala kwambiri pa Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat ndikudya (ndikukonzekera)zonse, kumwavinyo weniweni, ndi kuthamangamabwato a chinjoka.

Dragon boat racing

Mpikisano wamaboti a Dragon uli ndi mbiri yakale yamwambo komanso miyambo yakale, yomwe idayambira kum'mwera chapakati cha China zaka zopitilira 2500 zapitazo. Nthanoyi imayamba ndi nkhani ya Qu Yuan, yemwe anali nduna m'modzi mwa maboma a Warring State, Chu. Ananenezedwa ndi akuluakulu a boma ansanje ndipo mfumu inamuthamangitsa. Chifukwa chokhumudwa ndi mfumu ya Chu, adadziponya mumtsinje wa Miluo. Anthu wamba anathamangira kumadzi ndipo anayesa kunyamula mtembo wake. Pokumbukira Qu Yuan, anthu amachita mipikisano yamabwato a chinjoka chaka chilichonse patsiku la imfa yake malinga ndi nthanoyi. Anamwazanso mpunga m'madzi kuti adyetse nsomba, kuti asadye thupi la Qu Yuan, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa magwero a nsomba.zonse.

Zongzi (Traditional Chinese rice dumpling)

Gawo lodziwika bwino lachikondwerero cha Dragon Boat Festival ndikupanga ndikudya zongzi ndi achibale komanso abwenzi. Anthu amakonda kukulunga zongzi m'masamba a bango, nsungwi, kupanga mawonekedwe a piramidi. Masambawo amaperekanso fungo lapadera ndi kukoma kwa mpunga womata ndi kudzaza. Zosankha zodzaza zimasiyana malinga ndi madera. Madera akumpoto ku China amakonda zongzi wotsekemera kapena mchere, wokhala ndi phala la nyemba, jujube, ndi mtedza. Madera akummwera ku China amakonda zongzi zokoma, zodzaza zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mimba ya nkhumba yamchere, soseji, ndi mazira a bakha amchere.

Zongzi anawonekera isanafike Nyengo ya Spring ndi Yophukira ndipo poyamba ankagwiritsidwa ntchito polambira makolo ndi milungu; mu Jin Dynasty, Zongzi adakhala chakudya chokondwerera Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat. Jin Dynasty, dumplings adasankhidwa kukhala chakudya cha Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat. Panthawiyi, kuwonjezera pa mpunga wonyezimira, zopangira zongzi zimawonjezeredwa ndi mankhwala achi China Yizhiren. Zongzi yophikidwa imatchedwa "yizhi zong".

Chifukwa chomwe aku China amadyera zongzi patsiku lapaderali ali ndi mawu ambiri. Mtundu wa anthu ndikuchita mwambo wa chikumbutso cha Qyuan. Ngakhale Zongzi adawonedwa ngati chopereka kwa makolo ngakhale nthawi ya Chunqiu isanachitike. Kuchokera mumzera wa Jin, Zongzi adakhala chakudya chamwambo ndipo adakhalapo mpaka pano.

Masiku a Dragon boat kuyambira 3rd mpaka 5 June 2022.HUAXIN CARBIDE ndikukhumba aliyense akhale ndi tchuthi chodabwitsa!